Friday, July 21, 2023

Desbillons: Bos Philosophus

Hector and I did something really different as part of our ongoing work on the Latin fables of Desbillons (see this post for more info); we've been focusing on the super-short poems, but this week we worked on a longer poem because it is really relevant to the kind of research Hector is doing in animal studies. Plus, it's just a great poem, a fable that is original to Desbillons and really well told!

12.7 Bos Philosophus

Philosophus olim fama erat celeberrimus 
Bos; Magna quid, ait, cornua ista me juvant 
Ad consequendam quam volo sapientiam?
Supervacua sunt; immo plurimum nocent, 
Per nemora namque quoties et silentibus 
Sub umbris ambulo, sapientes ut solent,
Densis fruticibus arborumque ramulis 
Retenta saepe turbant, et totus mihi 
Multa meditanti adesse ne possim vetant, 
Etiamque cogunt, saepius quam nos decet, 
Meminisse nobis ipsa haec a Superis data, 
Injurias possemus ut refellere, 
Quibus adjumentis philosophi minime indigent.
Rogat ergo lanium cornua revellat sibi; 
Monet ille videat porro prudens quid roget; 
Id sine doloris sensu vix tolerabili 
Non posse fieri. Falleris, bone vir, ait 
Bos obstinatus: haec propago cornea 
Sensum ipsa nec habet nec potest progignere 
Neque illa nostro multum adhaeret vertici;
Labare visa nuper est, cum paululum 
Obnixus inter mutuum nexas vepres 
Arbusculasque mihi patefacerem viam; 
Age modo propera. Lanius ergo paruit, 
Sed cum ille tandem jussum quod fuerat opus
Efficere summis niteretur viribus, 
Dolore victus repulit odiosam manum, 
Immugiensque philosophus fugit procul. 
Plerique facile dimissum iri quae putant 
Ubi venit hora posse dimitti negant.

Here is the poem written out in English prose order to help in reading:

Olim philosophus erat,
celeberrimus fama,
bos!
Ait,
"Quid magna cornua ista
juvant me
ad consequendam sapientiam
quam volo? 
Sunt supervacua; 
immo 
plurimum nocent 
namque 
quoties ambulo
per nemora   
et sub silentibus umbris,
ut sapientes solent,
(cornua), 
retenta densis fruticibus 
et ramulis arborum,
saepe turbant 
et vetant
ne possim 
totus adesse mihi, 
multa meditanti,
etiamque 
cogunt meminisse,
saepius quam nos decet, 
ipsa haec 
a superis data (esse) nobis
ut possemus refellere injurias,
quibus adjumentis 
philosophi minime indigent.
rogat ergo lanium 
revellat sibi cornua;
ille (lanius) monet porro
(ut bos) videat, prudens, quid roget;
id non posse fieri 
sine sensu doloris, 
vix tolerabili. 
Bos ait, obstinatus,
"Falleris, bone vir!
Haec cornea propago 
ipsa nec habet sensum,
nec potest progignere (sensum),
neque illa multum adhaeret nostro vertici;
nuper 
visa est labare 
cum patefacerem mihi viam,
paululum obnixus
inter vepres et arbusculas mutuum nexas.
Age modo! Propera!"
Ergo lanius paruit 
sed,
cum tandem 
ille niteretur summis viribus
efficere opus 
quod fuerat jussum,
philosophus,
dolore victus,
repulit odiosam manum 
et fugit procul, 
immugiens.
Plerique,
ubi hora venit,
negant 
(haec) posse dimitti 
quae facile dimissum iri 
putant.

In ancient times and modern, philosophers have considered the question of animal consciousness, and in this fable, the animal himself has become a philosopher, and he is even giving the butcher orders! Yes, in the end, this "bos philosophus" is a fool whom Desbillons mocks, but not as a stupid animal; the ox is being mocked as a pretentious philosopher. The pretentious philosopher is often the butt of Aesopic humor, both in the fables and also in the Life of Aesop where, for a time, Aesop is the slave of a philosopher whom he outwits repeatedly.

The meter is iambic, and here is some help with the meter (for more about iambic meter, see the post about Desbillons 1.1).

Philoso·phus o·lim fam~ · erat · celeber·rimus 
Bos; Mag·na quid a·it cor·nu~ is·ta me · juvant 
Ad con·sequen·dam quam · volo · sapien·tiam?
Super·vacua · sunt; im·mo plu·rimum · nocent 
Per nemo·ra nam·que quoti·es et · silen·tibus 
Sub um·bris am·bulo, · sapien·tes ut · solent,
Densis · frutici·bus ar·borum·que ra·mulis 
Reten·ta sae·pe tur·bant et · totus · mihi 
Multa me·ditant~ · ades·se ne · possim · vetant 
Etiam· que co·gunt sae·pius · quam nos · decet 
Meminis·se no·bis ips~ · haec a · Superis · data 
Inju·rias · posse·mus ut · refel·lere 
Quibus ad·jumen·tis philo·sophi · minim~ in·digent.
Rogat er·go lani·um cor·nua re·vellat · sibi 
Monet il·le vide·at por·ro pru·dens quid · roget 
Id sine · dolo·ris sen·su vix · tolera·bili 
Non pos·se fie·ri; Fal·leris, · bone vir, · ait 
Bos ob·stina·tus: haec · propa·go cor·nea 
Sens~ ip·sa nec ha·bet nec · potest · progig·nere 
Nequ~ il·la nos·tro mult~ · adhae·ret ver·tici;
Laba·re vi·sa nu·per est · cum pau·lulum 
Obnix·us in·ter mu·tuum · nexas · vepres 
Arbus·culas·que mihi · patefa·cerem · viam 
Age mo·do prope·ra. Lani·us er·go pa·ruit 
Sed c~ il·le tan·dem jus·sum quod · fuerat · opus
Effice·re sum·mis ni·tere·tur vi·ribus 
Dolo·re vic·tus repu·lit odi·osam · manum 
Immu·giens·que philo·sophus · fugit · procul 
Pleri·que faci·le di·miss~ i·ri quae · putant 
Ubi ve·nit ho·ra pos·se di·mitti · negant.

And here's an ox from a medieval bestiary who's looking very philosophical, and who also has some serious horns:



Meanwhile, for more Desbillons, here are the other poems I've posted so far here at the blog. :-)

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